Welcome back, Raspberry Pi enthusiasts! Today, we’re diving deep into the latest marvel from the Raspberry Pi Foundation—the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 (CM5). If you’ve been eagerly awaiting this release, you’re in for a treat. Whether you’re a seasoned developer, a hobbyist tinkering with IoT projects, or someone exploring the vast possibilities of single-board computers, the CM5 promises to deliver enhancements that could redefine your projects. So, let’s see what’s new, what’s improved, and whether the CM5 truly lives up to the hype of being cooler, faster, and better than its predecessor, the CM4.
The Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 has been the subject of much anticipation within the maker and developer communities. Rumors, GitHub commits, and device tree updates have kept enthusiasts on their toes, eagerly awaiting the official release. Finally, the CM5 is here, and it brings with it a host of upgrades that promise to enhance performance, connectivity, and overall versatility.
But what sets the CM5 apart from its predecessor, the CM4? How compatible is it with existing setups? And most importantly, does it deliver on its promise of being cooler, faster, and better? Let’s embark on this comprehensive review to uncover all these answers and more.
CM5 vs CM4: What’s Changed?
At first glance, the Compute Module 5 maintains a similar form factor to the CM4, measuring 55 mm × 40 mm × 4.7 mm. However, the internal upgrades are where things get exciting. Here’s a quick comparison:
| Feature | Compute Module 5 (CM5) | Compute Module 4 (CM4) |
|---|---|---|
| Processor | Broadcom BCM2712 Quad-Core Cortex-A76 @ 2.4GHz | Broadcom BCM2711 Quad-Core Cortex-A72 @ 1.5GHz |
| Memory | 2GB, 4GB, 8GB, or 16GB LPDDR4X | 1GB, 2GB, 4GB, or 8GB LPDDR4 |
| eMMC Storage | 0GB, 16GB, 32GB, or 64GB | 0GB, 8GB, 16GB, or 32GB |
| Connectivity | Optional Wi-Fi (2.4GHz & 5.0GHz IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac), Bluetooth 5.0, BLE, Gigabit Ethernet PHY (IEEE1588), 1x USB 2.0, 2x USB 3.0, 1x M.2 M-Key 2230/2242/2260/2280 (Gen 2/3 x1), 30 GPIO signals | Optional Wi-Fi (2.4GHz & 5.0GHz IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac), Bluetooth 5.0, BLE, Gigabit Ethernet PHY (IEEE1588), 1x USB 2.0, PCIe Gen 2 x1, 28 GPIO signals |
| Video | Dual HDMI (up to 4Kp60), 2x 4-lane MIPI/DSI display interfaces | Dual HDMI (up to 4Kp60), 2-lane MIPI DSI display, 2-lane MIPI CSI camera |
| Multimedia | H.265 (4Kp60 decode), OpenGL ES 3.1, Vulkan 1.2 | H.265 (4Kp60 decode), H.264 (1080p60 decode, 1080p30 encode), OpenGL ES 3.0 |
| Power | 5V (up to 5A with USB-PD) via USB-C | 5V DC, 12V DC via Barrel Jack on IO Board |
| Extras | RTC Battery Connection, Power Button, 4-pin PWM fan header | RTC Battery Connection, 4-pin PWM fan header |
| Production Lifetime | Until at least December 2027 | Until at least January 2034 |
Processor Power-Up
The most significant upgrade lies in the System on Chip (SoC). The CM5 transitions from the Broadcom BCM2711 in the CM4 to the more robust Broadcom BCM2712. This means moving from 4×1.5GHz Cortex-A72 cores to 4×2.4GHz Cortex-A76 cores, delivering a substantial 60% increase in clock speed. This boost translates to improved performance across the board, whether you’re compiling code, running multiple applications, or handling more demanding tasks.
Memory Matters
Memory options have also seen a considerable enhancement. The CM5 now offers up to 16GB of LPDDR4X RAM, compared to the CM4’s maximum of 8GB LPDDR4. This doubling of RAM capacity is not just a number; it enables more intensive applications, better multitasking, and smoother performance, especially for applications that are memory-hungry.
Storage Enhancements
Storage options have been reimagined in the CM5. While the CM4 relied on eMMC storage and a PCIe Gen 2 x1 slot for expansion, the CM5 introduces an M.2 M-Key slot that supports NVMe SSDs. This shift allows for significantly faster storage solutions, reducing load times and enhancing overall system responsiveness. Additionally, the eMMC storage options have been expanded, offering higher capacities and better performance, albeit at the cost of being soldered onto the board—a trade-off that might be a bit of a hurdle for some.
Connectivity Upgrades
Connectivity is where the CM5 truly shines. With the inclusion of USB 3.0 ports replacing the CM4’s USB 2.0, data transfer speeds are expected to be up to 10 times faster. Moreover, the shift from PCIe Gen 2 to Gen 3 for the M.2 slot provides a more robust and future-proof connectivity solution, accommodating faster peripherals and storage options.
Video and Multimedia
Video capabilities have also been enhanced. The CM5 supports dual HDMI interfaces capable of 4Kp60 output, and the MIPI/DSI display interfaces have been upgraded from 2 lanes to 4 lanes, offering better display options for high-resolution projects. Additionally, the multimedia performance has been improved with OpenGL ES 3.1 and Vulkan 1.2 support, catering to more demanding graphical applications.
Power and Extras
The CM5 now utilizes USB-C for power, allowing for up to 5A with USB Power Delivery (PD). This change not only standardizes the power input but also accommodates the increased power requirements due to the enhanced performance capabilities. Extras like the RTC battery connection, power button, and 4-pin PWM fan header are retained, providing essential features for embedded applications.
Production Lifetime
While the CM4 is set to remain in production until at least January 2034, the CM5 has a more modest lifespan, projected to stay in production until at least December 2027. This difference is something to consider for long-term projects that might require prolonged support and availability.
Is the CM5 Pin Compatible with the CM4?
One of the primary concerns for existing CM4 users is whether the CM5 can be used as a drop-in replacement. The short answer is yes, but with some caveats. The CM5 maintains the same form factor as the CM4, making physical compatibility straightforward. However, there are pin mapping differences that could affect functionality if you’re relying on specific GPIOs or peripherals.
Pin Mapping Adjustments
The CM5 introduces changes in several pins, primarily to accommodate the new features like the M.2 slot and enhanced USB connectivity. Here’s a breakdown of the key pin changes:
| Pin | CM4 Function | CM5 Function | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | SYNC_IN | Fan_tacho | Fan tachometer input |
| 19 | Ethernet rLED1 | Fan_pwm | Fan PWM output |
| 76 | Reserved | VBAT | RTC battery connection; constant load of a few µA |
| 92 | RUN_PG | PWR_Button | Mimics the Pi 5 power button; controls wake/shutdown |
| 94 | AnalogIP1 | CC1 | Enables PMIC to negotiate 5A with Type C USB connectors |
| 96 | AnalogIP0 | CC2 | Enables PMIC to negotiate 5A with Type C USB connectors |
| 99 | Global_EN | PMIC_ENABLE | No external change |
| 100 | nEXTRST | CAM_GPIO1 | Pulled up; can emulate a RESET signal |
| 104 | Reserved | PCIE_RET_nWAKE | PCIe nWAKE; requires pull-up resistor |
| 106 | Reserved | PCIE_PWR_EN | Signals PCIe device power state |
| 111 | VDAC_COMP | VBUS_EN | Indicates USB VBUS should be enabled |
| 128-142 | CAM0_* | USB3-0_* | Possible P/N swaps; USB 2 signal mapping |
| 157-171 | DSI0_* | USB3-1_* | Possible P/N swaps; USB 2 signal mapping |
Compatibility Considerations
While the CM5 is largely compatible with the CM4, these pin differences mean that existing carrier boards might require minor adjustments to accommodate the new pin mappings. If your project heavily relies on specific GPIOs or custom peripherals, you might need to reconfigure your setup or use adapters to ensure seamless functionality.
Additionally, with the introduction of the M.2 slot, it’s essential to ensure that your carrier board can support the new storage options without conflicting with existing GPIO assignments.
Practical Implications
For most standard applications, the CM5 should work out of the box with existing carrier boards designed for the CM4. However, for custom projects or those utilizing specific GPIOs, it’s advisable to review the pin mapping changes and adjust your hardware accordingly. As the Raspberry Pi ecosystem evolves, we can expect new carrier boards tailored specifically for the CM5, minimizing compatibility concerns.
Getting Started with the Raspberry Pi CM5
Embarking on a project with the Compute Module 5 is an exciting venture, but getting started requires a bit of setup. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you navigate the initial setup process.
Unboxing and Components
At launch, the primary accessory available is the Compute Module 5 IO Board. This board acts as the foundation, providing the necessary interfaces and connectors for the CM5. Alongside the IO Board, you’ll find:
- CM5 Development Kit: Includes the CM5 module, IO Board, enclosure, heatsink, power supply, cables, and antenna.
- Heatsink and Fan: Essential for managing the increased heat output due to the higher performance.
- Cables and Connectors: HDMI cables, USB-A to USB-C cables, and Wi-Fi antennas for enhanced connectivity.
Physical Setup
- Mounting the CM5: Carefully insert the CM5 into the IO Board, ensuring that all pins align correctly. The module should click firmly into place, establishing a secure connection.
- Connecting Accessories: Attach the heatsink to the CM5 to manage thermal output. If you’re using the fan, connect it to the designated 4-pin PWM header on the IO Board.
- Enclosure Assembly: Place the IO Board into the enclosure. The enclosure provides protection and organizes the connectors, making it easier to interface with peripherals.
- Power Supply: Connect the 5V5A USB-C power supply to the IO Board. This ensures that the CM5 receives adequate power, especially when running power-intensive applications.
- Storage Setup: Depending on your model, either insert a microSD card for the Lite version or connect an NVMe SSD via the M.2 slot. For non-Lite models with eMMC, the storage is already integrated.
IO Board / Accessories / Kits
The Compute Module 5 IO Board and accompanying accessories are essential for harnessing the full potential of the CM5. Let’s explore these components in detail.
Compute Module 5 IO Board
The Compute Module 5 IO Board serves as the primary interface between the CM5 and the external world. While it shares similarities with the CM4’s IO Board, several key differences enhance its functionality:
- Condensed CSI/DSI Connections: The CM5 version consolidates 4 separate CSI/DSI connections into 2 combo ports, offering flexibility to set them as either camera or display interfaces.
- M.2 Slot: Replacing the PCIe slot from the CM4, the M.2 slot accommodates NVMe SSDs, providing faster storage options.
- 4-Pin PWM Fan Header: This addition allows for easy integration of cooling solutions, such as fans, to manage the CM5’s thermal output.
- Power Button: Mimicking the Raspberry Pi 5, the power button allows users to control the CM5’s power state, offering better power management and ease of use.
Compute Module 5 IO Board Enclosure
The IO Board Enclosure is a protective case that houses the Compute Module 5 and its IO Board. Here’s what makes it stand out:
- Build Quality: Crafted with high manufacturing tolerances, ensuring a snug fit with no gaps between connectors and the case.
- Antenna Accommodation: Features a dedicated hole at the front for the official Raspberry Pi Antenna, with a rubber grommet for dust protection when not in use.
- Ventilation: Ample ventilation around the front and sides ensures effective heat dissipation, especially when paired with the heatsink.
Installation Tip: To attach the heatsink, you’ll need to remove the fan from the enclosure. This ensures that the heatsink fits perfectly without obstructing the fan’s airflow.
Compute Module 5 Heatsink
The Compute Module 5 Heatsink is a passive cooling solution designed to manage the CM5’s thermal output.
- Design: Simple and efficient, the heatsink effectively dissipates heat away from the SoC, maintaining optimal operating temperatures.
- Performance: As per the thermal tests, the heatsink alone can keep the CM5 running smoothly without throttling, even without the fan.
Compute Module 5 Development Kit
For those looking to get everything in one package, the CM5 Development Kit is a perfect choice. Here’s what it includes:
- Compute Module 5: The heart of the kit.
- Compute Module 5 IO Board: The main interface board.
- Compute Module 5 IO Board Enclosure: Protects and organizes your setup.
- Compute Module 5 Heatsink: Ensures efficient thermal management.
- 5V5A Power Supply: Provides the necessary power for the CM5.
- HDMI Cables: 2x HDMI to HDMI cables for display connections.
- USB-A to USB-C Cable: For connecting peripherals.
- Wi-Fi Antenna: Enhances wireless connectivity.
Pros:
- Convenience: Everything you need to get started is included in one kit.
- Cost-Effective: Bundling often results in better pricing compared to purchasing components separately.
Cons:
- Fixed Enclosure Setup: The IO Board is pre-installed in the enclosure, which might be inconvenient for those who prefer customizing their setup or wish to use different cooling solutions.
Takeaway: The CM5 Development Kit is an excellent starting point for newcomers, offering a comprehensive package that covers all the essentials needed to begin exploring the capabilities of the CM5.
CM5 Pricing & Availability
Understanding the pricing structure and availability is crucial for planning your projects and budgeting accordingly.
Pricing Breakdown
Here’s a detailed look at the Compute Module 5’s pricing:
| Model | Price |
|---|---|
| 2GB Lite | $45 |
| 4GB | $50 |
| 8GB | $75 |
| 16GB | $95 |
| Development Kit | $130 |
Key Points:
- Base Model: The 2GB Lite model starts at $45, which is a $10 increase from the CM4’s $35 starting price. However, this model doubles the RAM, offering better performance at a reasonable price.
- Higher RAM Options: The 8GB model remains at $75, the same as the CM4’s 8GB variant, providing more memory without additional cost.
- Development Kit: Priced at $130, it offers a comprehensive package, ideal for those starting fresh or needing all the essential components in one go.
Pro Tips:
- Pre-Order Early: Given the popularity of Raspberry Pi products, it’s advisable to pre-order or secure your desired model early to avoid stock shortages.
- Check Multiple Resellers: If your preferred reseller is out of stock, consider checking other authorized sellers or waiting for restocks.
- Bulk Orders: For enterprise or large-scale projects, reaching out directly to resellers for bulk orders can ensure timely delivery and availability.
Note: The CM5 is set to remain in production until at least December 2027, offering a reasonable window for projects with long-term support needs.
Takeaway: While the CM5 is priced slightly higher than the CM4, the enhanced features and performance justify the cost. Ensuring timely purchase through authorized resellers will help you secure the model that best fits your project’s needs.
Conclusion
The Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is a testament to the Raspberry Pi Foundation’s commitment to innovation and catering to the evolving needs of developers and hobbyists alike. Here’s a quick recap of our findings:
- Performance: The CM5 delivers a 2-3x speedup over the CM4, thanks to the upgraded BCM2712 SoC, higher RAM options, and faster storage capabilities. Whether you’re running a Kubernetes cluster, handling 4K gaming, or developing IoT solutions, the CM5 stands ready to meet the challenge.
- Storage: With the introduction of the M.2 NVMe slot, storage options have expanded, offering faster and more flexible solutions. The improved eMMC storage also provides better performance for onboard applications.
- Connectivity: Enhanced network capabilities, including USB 3.0 and PCIe Gen 3, ensure that the CM5 is well-equipped for modern connectivity demands, whether wired or wireless.
- Thermals: Effective cooling solutions, both passive and active, ensure that the CM5 maintains optimal performance without thermal throttling, even under sustained loads.
- Power Efficiency: While the CM5 consumes more power under load, its efficient idle consumption makes it a versatile choice for a wide range of applications.
- Compatibility: The CM5 maintains a similar form factor to the CM4, ensuring that many existing setups can transition with minimal adjustments. However, careful attention to pin mapping is advised for projects relying on specific GPIOs.
- Pricing & Availability: The CM5 offers enhanced features at a slightly higher price point, which is justified by the significant performance improvements. Ensuring timely purchase through authorized resellers will help you secure the best model for your needs.
Final Thoughts
The Compute Module 5 is more than just an incremental upgrade; it’s a substantial leap forward in terms of performance, connectivity, and versatility. Whether you’re upgrading an existing project or embarking on a new venture, the CM5 offers the tools and capabilities to elevate your work.
As with any hardware upgrade, it’s essential to consider your specific project requirements, budget, and compatibility needs. However, with the Raspberry Pi Foundation’s track record of reliability and community support, the CM5 is poised to become a cornerstone in the world of embedded computing.
What’s Next?
With the CM5 now in your arsenal, the possibilities are endless. From deploying more robust IoT solutions, powering more complex machine learning models, to creating high-performance media servers, the CM5 is equipped to handle it all. As the ecosystem around the CM5 grows, with new carrier boards, accessories, and software optimizations, we can expect even more innovative applications to emerge.
So, strap in and get ready—the future of embedded computing with the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is bright and full of potential. Stay tuned for more updates, project ideas, and in-depth tutorials as we continue to explore and push the boundaries of what’s possible with the CM5.
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